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Gerund after PREPOSITIONS börja lära sig
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Gerund after CERTAIN VERBS: like, love, hate, enjoy, mind, finish, stop börja lära sig
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Gerund as the SUBJECT of a sentence börja lära sig
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TO+INFINITIVE After ADJECTIVES börja lära sig
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This problem is difficult to solve.
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TO+INFINITIVE After CERTAIN VERBS: would like, want, need, decide, hope, expect, plan, forget, seem, try, promise, offer, refuse, learn, manage. börja lära sig
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TO+INFINITIVE To express PURPOSE/REASON börja lära sig
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I'm chasing this guy to earn my bread and butter.
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Stop! I'm tired of running. börja lära sig
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This is a difficult situation to solve. I enjoy seeing you tired, but I would also like to escape.
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USUALLY: FOR CURRENT HABITS Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little. börja lära sig
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Melissa, a good English teacher, usually makes students repeat sentences correctly. This usually bothers Meritxell, her student, a little.
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USED TO: FOR PAST HABITS OR PAST SITUATIONS THAT HAVE CHANGED Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke. börja lära sig
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subject + USED TO + infinitive Meritxell used to take drugs, but now she doesn't even smoke.
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BE USED TO: FOR A NEW SITUATION THAT YOU ARE ALREADY ACCUSTOMED TO Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking. craving a very strong desire for something: a craving for chocolate börja lära sig
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subject + BE USED TO + gerund or noun Melissa is used to craving food all the time since she quit smoking.
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GET USED TO: FOR SOMETHING THAT IS BECOMING FAMILIAR TO YOU OR TO WHICH YOU ARE ADAPTING. Melissa and Meritxell haven't gotten used to living without addictions. börja lära sig
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subject + GET USED TO + gerund or noun
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Repeat after me: I used to take drugs. börja lära sig
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börja lära sig
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I wish you were here. I wish we were lying in bed together. You can use "were" for I/he/she/it.
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börja lära sig
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to express regret or in reference to unreal situations.
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Wishes for the PRESENT and FUTURE börja lära sig
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Use PAST SIMPLE or PAST CONTINUOUS
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börja lära sig
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to express when you would like a situation to be different.
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He wishes they were lying on the bed. börja lära sig
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to express when you would like to be doing something different. He wishes they were lying on the bed.
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over. börja lära sig
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I wish you would stop laughing at me. Now I wish you hadn't come over.
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He wishes she handn't come over. börja lära sig
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to express regret or when you would like a situation to be different.
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To COMPLAIN or express IMPATIENCE börja lära sig
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Use WOULD+VERB or COULD+VERB
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börja lära sig
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He wishes she would stop laughing.
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börja lära sig
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He wishes he could make her disappear.
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You can use SUBJECT+WISH+PRONOUN in fixed expressions: börja lära sig
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RATHER at The Museum of Modern Art börja lära sig
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I would rather shoot myself than wait in line with all these snobs.
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Look and learn! You have to be an alternative artist. börja lära sig
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Oh Daddy! I would rather just be a waitress.
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börja lära sig
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He is a sex maniac rather than an art enthusiastic börja lära sig
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means "instead of" or "and not". Normally used to compare parallel structures.
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börja lära sig
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means "would prefer to...
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WOULD RATHER ... THAN is used to show preference between options. Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else. börja lära sig
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION 1+THAN+OPTION 2 Elvis would rather be the center of attention than be just like everybody else.
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börja lära sig
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WOULD RATHER is used to show preference for one option over another. -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here. börja lära sig
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SUBJECT+WOULD RATHER+INFINITIVE without to+OPTION -Hey, Jeff! Let's get out of here! -I'd rather stay here.
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She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted. börja lära sig
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Used to change what it is just said. She is distracted, or rather, she is pretending to be distracted.
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Marilyn had a rather tender look. börja lära sig
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is also an adverb of degree. It means "quite". Marilyn had a rather tender look.
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börja lära sig
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Connectors, also called linking words or linkers, indicate the relationship between ideas.
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, (?), the car lights börja lära sig
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The last clue drove Harry to the wood house on top of the montain. Maybe this would be the telltale clue. The weather was very bad and, in addition, the car lights
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the car lights didn't work (?) they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier. börja lära sig
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the car lights didn't work because they had been shout out a couple of hours earlier.
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(?) all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed. börja lära sig
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Despite all this, Harry managed to get to the place and get out of the car unnoticed.
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The lights of the house were on (?) Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window. börja lära sig
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The lights of the house were on so Harry carefully crawled through the bushes until he reached the window.
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. (?), a shiver came over his body. börja lära sig
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There he saw Elisabeth crying. Suddenly, a shiver came over his body.
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börja lära sig
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Elisabeth was actually laughing (?) looking directly into Harry's eyes börja lära sig
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Elisabeth was actually laughing and looking directly into Harry's eyes
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börja lära sig
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börja lära sig
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börja lära sig
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for example (e.g.), for instance, such as
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börja lära sig
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with regard to, regarding, concerning, by the way
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börja lära sig
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and, also, too, as well as, in addition, apart from, besides, furthermore, moreover, then again
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börja lära sig
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in short, in brief, in summary, to conclude, in conclusion
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börja lära sig
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because, because of, for, since, as, due to, owing to
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börja lära sig
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so, consequently, as a result, therefore, thus, hence
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börja lära sig
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but, however, although, even though, though, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, while, whereas, unlike, on the other hand, anyway
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börja lära sig
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firstly, secondly, thirdly, to begin with, next, lastly, finaly
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börja lära sig
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at the beginning, then, at last, once, afterwards, suddenly, finally, in the end
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börja lära sig
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obviously, particularly, in theory, in fact, especially
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börja lära sig
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surely, indeed, undoubtedly, certainly, even so
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börja lära sig
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A relative clause is a dependent clause that mofifies a word, phrase or idea in the main clause.
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A relative clause begins with a börja lära sig
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RELATIVE PRONOUN WHO, WHOM, WHOSE, THAT or WHITCH The type of clause determines which relative pronoun to use. (in certain situations, WHAT, WHEN and WHERE can function as relative pronouns)
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There are two types of relative clauses: börja lära sig
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NON-DEFINING CLAUSES and DEFINING CLAUSES
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börja lära sig
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The information contained in defining clauses is ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's nor clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is NOT separated by a COMMA.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: The woman who is pushing a stroller is her heroine börja lära sig
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For people: WHO, THAT (and WHOM followed by a preposition). For things: WHICH, THAT stroller: a chair on wheels in which a small child can be pushed along SYN buggy British English
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börja lära sig
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In non-defining clauses the information is NOT ESSENTIAL. When deleted, it's still clear who or what is being talked about. This type of clause is separated by a COMMA from the main clause.
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In this type of clause the relative pronouns used are: Exercise, which is supposed to be good for your health, is killing her. börja lära sig
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For people: WHO (and WHOM, WHOSE) For things: WHICH (and WHOSE)
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börja lära sig
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There are two voices in English: the active and the passive
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The dog bit Julianne's leg. börja lära sig
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describes what the subject does. The dog bit Julianne's leg.
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Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog. börja lära sig
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describes what is done to the subject. It's usually used when we don't know or are not interested in who performs the action. Julianne's leg was bitten by some dog.
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The passive voice is formed with: börja lära sig
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It can also be formed by: börja lära sig
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All the verb tenses can be expressed in passive voice. börja lära sig
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The concert will be performed next week. The concert has been performed already.
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börja lära sig
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to show the person or thing doing the action. The painting was made by a monkey.
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I would like him to be eaten too. börja lära sig
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The pigeons are eating a worm. Worms are eaten every day all over the world.
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börja lära sig
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I need a friend ASAP. She said she needed a friend ASAP. ASAP the abbreviation of as soon as possible
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There are two ways to repeat what another person said: börja lära sig
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DIRECT SPEECH and REPORTED SPEECH
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börja lära sig
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uses exact words in quotation marks. She said "I need a friend".
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börja lära sig
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She said she needed a friend.
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börja lära sig
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the past form of direct speech.
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börja lära sig
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She said she needed a friend.
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börja lära sig
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She said she was feeling alone.
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I've spent all Sundays watching TV. börja lära sig
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She said she had spent all Sunday watching TV.
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börja lära sig
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She said she would go to bed early.
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When direct speech uses a past form, börja lära sig
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reported speech doesn't change.
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börja lära sig
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I was looking for a better life. börja lära sig
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She said she was looking for a better life.
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