ILSPT (02) - Basic English Vocabulary for Law

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Fråga English Svar English
damages
börja lära sig
Money claimed by someone as compensation for harm done (odszkodowanie)
to commit
börja lära sig
To send someone to prison or to a court (skierować)
judicial
börja lära sig
An adjective referring to a judge or the law (sądow(nicz)y)
innocent
börja lära sig
Not guilty of a crime (niewinny)
offence
börja lära sig
Any act which is not legal (wykroczenie)
lawyer
börja lära sig
A person who has studied law and can act for people on legal business (prawnik)
dispute
börja lära sig
A disagreement or argument between parties (spór)
tribunal
börja lära sig
A specialist court outside the judicial system which examines special problems (trybunał)
case
börja lära sig
A set of arguments or facts put forward by one side in a legal proceeding (obrona)
judge
börja lära sig
An official who presides over a court (sędzia)
to plead
börja lära sig
To make an allegation in legal proceedings (odpowiadać na zarzuty oskarżenia)
defendant
börja lära sig
Someone who is accused of a crime in a criminal case (oskarżony, pozwany)
claimant
börja lära sig
A person who makes a claim against someone in a civil court (powód)
settlement
börja lära sig
An agreement reached after an argument (porozumienie/ugoda sądowe/a)
to arrest
börja lära sig
To hold someone legally so as to charge them with a crime (aresztować)
hearing
börja lära sig
A case which is being heard by committee, tribunal or court of law (sprawa sądowa)
to convict
börja lära sig
To find that someone is guilty of a crime (uznać za winnego)
breach
börja lära sig
Failure to carry out the terms of an agreement (naruszenie)
to prosecute
börja lära sig
To bring someone to court to answer a criminal charge (wnosić oskarżenie)
to appeal
börja lära sig
To ask a high law court to change its decision or sentence (złożyć apelację)
to charge
börja lära sig
To say that someone has committed a crime (oskarżyć, postawić zarzut)
binding
börja lära sig
Having the legal ability to force someone to do something (wiążący)
civil
börja lära sig
An adjective referring to the rights and duties of private persons or organizations (cywilny)
defence
börja lära sig
The arguments used when fighting a case
contract
börja lära sig
A legal agreement between two or more parties (umowa prawna)
criminal
börja lära sig
An adjective referring to crime (kryminalny, karny)
jury
börja lära sig
A group of 12 citizens who decide whether or not someone is guilty in a trail (ława przysięgłych)
evidence
börja lära sig
A written or spoken statement of facts which helps to prove or disprove something at a trial (materiał dowodowy)
to fine
börja lära sig
To order someone to pay money as a punishment (nałożyć karę grzywny)
injunction
börja lära sig
A court order telling someone to stop doing something, or not to do something (nakaz/zakaz sądowy)
accountable
börja lära sig
responsible for what had happened (odpowiedzialny)
impartial
börja lära sig
not biased or prejudiced (bezstronny)
pecuniary
börja lära sig
financial (pieniężny)
valid
börja lära sig
being acceptable because it is true or relevant (prawomocny)
unprecedented
börja lära sig
not having happened before (bezprecedensowy)
void
börja lära sig
not having any legal effect (nieważny)
admissible
börja lära sig
referring to evidence which a court will allow to be used (dopuszczalny)
unanimous
börja lära sig
where everyone votes in the same way (jednomyślny)
eligible
börja lära sig
able or allowed to do something (uprawniony)
irreconcilable
börja lära sig
very strong, so that it is not possible for two sides to reach an agreement (nie do pogodzenia)
gross (adj.)
börja lära sig
serious (rażący)
deductible
börja lära sig
able to be removed (możliwy do usunięcia)
insolvent
börja lära sig
not able to pay debts (niewypłacalny)
fiduciary
börja lära sig
acting as trustee for someone else, or being in a position of trust (powierniczy)
occupational
börja lära sig
referring to jobs and work (zawodowy)
exempt
börja lära sig
not required to pay, or not covered by law (zwolniony)
verbatim
börja lära sig
in the exact words (dosłowny)
unconditional
börja lära sig
with no conditions attached (bezwarunkowy)
feasible
börja lära sig
possible or practical (wykonalny)
redundant
börja lära sig
no longer needed or valid (zbędny)
solvent
börja lära sig
having enough money to pay debts (wypłacalny)
nominal
börja lära sig
a very small amount (symboliczny)
corporate
börja lära sig
referring to a company (firmowy)
open-ended
börja lära sig
with no fixed period, or with some items not specified (na czas nieokreślony)
litigious
börja lära sig
very willing to bring a lawsuit against someone to settle a disagreement (sporny)
nominee
börja lära sig
a person who is appointed to deal with financial or other matters on behalf of another person (nominat)
franchise
börja lära sig
a license to trade using a brand name and paying royalty for it
ombudsman
börja lära sig
someone who deals with complaints that people make against the government or public organizations (rzecznik praw obywatelskich)
guarantor
börja lära sig
somebody who gives a guarantee (poręczyciel, gwarant)
perjury
börja lära sig
the crime of telling a lie in a court of law (krzywoprzysięstwo)
tortfeasor
börja lära sig
somebody who has committed a civil wrong to somebody, entitling the victim to claim damages (sprawca czynu niedozwolonego)
compensation
börja lära sig
a payment made by a person or company to cover cost of damage or hardship which they have caused (rekompensata)
mediation
börja lära sig
an attempt by a third party to make the two sides in an argument agree (pośrednictwo)
debenture
börja lära sig
a document in which a company acknowledges it owes a debt and gives the company's assets as security (obligacja, skrypt dłużny)
liability
börja lära sig
the legal responsibility for paying someone for loss or damage incurred (odpowiedzialność prawna - obowiązek zapłaty, pasywa)
negligence
börja lära sig
a failure to give proper care to something, especially a duty or responsibility, with the result that a person or property is harmed (zaniedbanie)
goodwill
börja lära sig
the good reputation and trade with customers that a business firm has (dobre imię)
to indemnify
börja lära sig
to pay for loss or damage suffered (wynagrodzić)
to undetake
börja lära sig
to promise to do something (zobowiązać się)
to adjudicate
börja lära sig
to give a judgement between two parties (rozstrzygnąć)
to liquidate
börja lära sig
to sell assets or stock to raise cash (spieniężyć)
to entitle
börja lära sig
to have or give someone the right to do something (uprawnić)
to mediate
börja lära sig
to try to make to sides in an argument come to an agreement (pośredniczyć)
to draft
börja lära sig
to make a first rough plan of a document such as contract (sporządzany)
to defraud
börja lära sig
to trick someone so as to obtain money or goods illegally (oszukiwać)
to disclose
börja lära sig
to tell details (ujawnić)
to ban
börja lära sig
to forbid something, or make it illegal (zakazać)
to invalidate
börja lära sig
to make something no longer valid (unieważnić)
to waive
börja lära sig
to say that something is not necessary (zrzec się)
to grant
börja lära sig
to agree to give someone something, or to allow someone to do something (przyznać)
to ratify
börja lära sig
to approve officialy something that has already been decided (potwierdzać)
to blacklist
börja lära sig
to put goods, people or a company on a list of those that you will not deal with (wykluczyć)
to default
börja lära sig
to fail to carry out the terms of a contract, especially to fail to pay back a debt (nie wywiązać się)
to foreclose
börja lära sig
to take possession of a property because the owner cannot repay money they have borrowed using the property as security (zablokować dostęp)
to dispute
börja lära sig
to argue against something; to say that something is not correct (kwestionować)
to subcontract
börja lära sig
to agree with a company that they will do all or part of the work for a project (zlecić podwykonanie)
to infringe
börja lära sig
to make a product in the same way as another product which has been patented, and not pay royalties (naruszyć)
to certify
börja lära sig
to make an official declaration in writing (poświadczyć, uwierzytelnić)
to exempt
börja lära sig
to free someone from having to pay tax (zwolnić)
to wound up
börja lära sig
to put a company into liquidation (zlikwidować)
to allege
börja lära sig
to state, usually in giving evidence, that something has happened or is true (twierdzić)
to abide by
börja lära sig
to accept a rule or follow a custom (przestrzegać)
to vest
börja lära sig
to transfer to someone the legal ownership and possession of land or a right (przekazać, powierzyć)
to claim
börja lära sig
to ask for money (żądać)
to seek
börja lära sig
to ask for or try to do something (domagać się)

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