Fråga  |
Svar |
|
börja lära sig
|
|
the political / legal, economic, social / cultural, and technological factors operating in the external world
|
|
|
|
börja lära sig
|
|
product, price, place, promotion, packaging and people
|
|
|
studying people's behaviour in natural environments börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
Four basic methods for segmenting a market börja lära sig
|
|
product-related, demographic, psychographic, geographical
|
|
|
adding a specific percentage (=markup) to the base cost to give the selling price börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
determining the minimum sales volume that covers all the costs börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
|
börja lära sig
|
|
profitability, market share, matching the market leaders, prestige pricing, identifying the correct price point, social objectives
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: the normal business aim of achieving a return on investment by maximising revenue and minimising costs börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: increasing you percentage of the market by selling at a low price, even if it means that profits are also low börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: setting price according to what is standard in the market, and then competing by emphasising other benefits such as design, service, convenience börja lära sig
|
|
matching the market leaders
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: setting a high price to maintain an image of quality and exclusivity börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: in a price-sensitive market, increasing the price beyond a certain point will damage sales börja lära sig
|
|
identifying the correct price
|
|
|
Pricing strategy: governments can subsidise prices so that low-income groups can afford a basic product (typical examples are utilities and farm products) börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
the process by which a company collects information about consumer needs and preferences börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
group of related products that are physically similar or intended for the same market börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
assortment of product lines and individual offerings börja lära sig
|
|
product mix / product range
|
|
|
introduction > growth > maturity > decline börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
a name, symbol or design (or some combination) that identifies a product börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
a name or symbol that cannot be used by another producer börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
brand loyalty passes through three stages: börja lära sig
|
|
brand awareness, brand preference, brand instance
|
|
|
|
börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
the sales volume at which the product starts to make a profit börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
Another word for the final consumer of a product is the... börja lära sig
|
|
Another word for the final consumer of a product is the 'end-user'
|
|
|
Marketers tend to emphasise ... rather than... börja lära sig
|
|
Marketers tend to emphasise 'benefits' rather than 'features'
|
|
|
A name or symbol that has legal protection is called a... börja lära sig
|
|
A name or symbol that has legal protection is called a 'registered trademark'
|
|
|
something that makes a product special or different from others börja lära sig
|
|
unique selling point / proposition (USP)
|
|
|
(usually plural) exact technical details, or a detailed instruction about how something should be made börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
advantage that a customer gets if they buy the product börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
important, special or interesting part of a product börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
typical quality that makes a product recognisable börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
an approximate price that someone will charge you börja lära sig
|
|
We got estimates from three firms and accepted the lowest.
|
|
|
a fixed price that someone will charge you, often showing different items in detail börja lära sig
|
|
|
|
|
