3.1 and 3.2 vocabulary

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The profit earned in relation to the amount invested.
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Return on Investment (RoI) Example: Before putting money into a business, you should consider the expected return on investment.
The income generated annually by an investment.
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Yield Example: Some corporate bonds offer a higher yield than savings accounts, but with added risk.
A person or organisation that supports a venture financially.
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Backer Example: The entrepreneur found a wealthy backer willing to fund the project in exchange for equity.
A fair and equal competitive environment.
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Level playing field Example: Regulations were introduced to ensure a level playing field for all participants in the market.
A rough but fairly accurate numerical estimate.
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Ballpark figure Example: We don’t have exact numbers yet, but I’d estimate £50,000 as a ballpark figure.
To accept a loss in one area to gain in another.
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Make a trade-off Example: Many investors are willing to make a trade-off between risk and potential return.
The decade from 2000 to 2009.
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The naughties Example: In the noughties, property markets boomed before the 2008 financial crash.
To benefit from efforts made earlier.
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To reap the rewards Example: Those who stayed invested during the downturn are now beginning to reap the rewards.
A collection of different investments held by an individual or organisation.
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Investment portfolio Example: A well-diversified investment portfolio reduces the impact of market volatility.
Famous for negative reasons.
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Notorious Example: He became notorious for misleading investors during the tech bubble.
The percentage charged for borrowing money from a bank or lender.
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Interesy rate Example: A rise in the interest rate often leads to lower consumer borrowing.
Legal contracts or assets that can be traded in financial markets.
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Financial instruments Example: Currencies and futures are examples of complex financial instruments.
The ability to convert something into cash quickly without losing value.
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Liquidity Example: Gold is considered a safe asset with high liquidity in uncertain markets.
Shares in companies traded on the stock market.
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Equities Example: Younger investors are increasingly shifting away from equities to invest in tech startups.
The degree to which prices move up and down suddenly and unpredictably.
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Volatility Example: Market volatility has increased amid ongoing global political tension.
Items of economic value owned by a person or business.
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Assets Example: Property, stocks, and cash are all considered assets that contribute to net worth.
Fixed-income investments representing a loan made by an investor to a borrower.
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Bonds Example: Government-issued bonds are popular among risk-averse investors.
The physical or virtual space where trading activity occurs.
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The trading floor Example: On the trading floor, traders often rely on instinct and speed to make decisions.
To conclude something based on evidence and reasoning, not direct statements.
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To infer Example: From her cautious wording, we can infer that she's not optimistic about the merger.
To find meaning that is not explicitly stated.
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To read between the lines Example: Reading investor reports requires the ability to read between the lines and identify hidden concerns.

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